Method artefact

A result that comes from the apparatus used to study the model rather than from the model: a pattern dominating an attribution map because of how the map is computed, or a comparison coming out one way because the metric shares an assumption with one of the methods it ranks. Attribution and evaluation are the two places this shows up and they are one concept, because the error being named is the same in both -- reading a property of the instrument as a property of the thing measured.

Findings