IC-1288GPT-4, ChatGPT, and GPT-4V fail to close the human-machine gap on Bongard-OpenWorld, with InstructBLIP captions differentially degrading ChatGPT while improving GPT-4

Rujie Wu, Xiaojian Ma, Zhenliang Zhang, Wei Wang, Qing Li, Song-Chun Zhu, Yizhou Wang

SourceBongard-OpenWorld: Few-Shot Reasoning for Free-form Visual Concepts in the Real World

The paper evaluates GPT-4, ChatGPT (GPT-3.5-turbo), and GPT-4V on the Bongard-OpenWorld few-shot visual reasoning benchmark, where models must identify a free-form visual concept from six positive and six negative images and classify a query. GPT-4 with InstructBLIP captions reaches 67.3% accuracy and ChatGPT with BLIP-2 reaches 60.6%, while human participants achieve 91.7%. Notably, switching from BLIP-2 to InstructBLIP captions drops ChatGPT from 60.6% to 52.1% but raises GPT-4 from 64.5% to 67.3%, which the authors attribute to InstructBLIP introducing excessive noise that ChatGPT cannot filter. GPT-4V with raw images scores 54.6%, below both GPT-4 configurations.

Evidence
correlational
Key metric
GPT-4+InstructBLIP 67.3%, GPT-4+BLIP-2 64.5%, ChatGPT+BLIP-2 60.6%, ChatGPT+InstructBLIP 52.1%, GPT-4V 54.6%, human 91.7%
Caveat
The LLMs rely on captions from a separate VLM (BLIP-2 or InstructBLIP) rather than processing images directly, so the results reflect the combined system rather than the LLM in isolation. The authors note that InstructBLIP's more verbose captions may introduce noise that distracts the reasoner.
Model
ChatGPT, GPT-4 / ChatGPT4 / GPT-4 Code Interpreter / GPT-4 Technical Report GPT-4V / GPT-4 vision, BLIP-2, InstructBLIP
Concepts
Failure mode
Methods
ChatCaptioner [supporting]
Related work
ChatCaptioner [builds-on]
Related findings
IC-1289, IC-1290
Extraction
automatic-extraction