IC-685CLIP ViT-B/32 with a linear probe relies on gender as a spurious correlation for hair color, achieving only 15.85% accuracy on female gray hair

Haozhe Chen, Junfeng Yang, Carl Vondrick, Chengzhi Mao

SourceINViTE: INterpret and Control Vision-Language Models with Text Explanations

The paper fine-tunes a linear classifier on CLIP's frozen cls token embeddings for binary gray-hair vs non-gray-hair classification on CelebA. The baseline shows a large gender gap: male gray hair accuracy is 58.22% while female gray hair accuracy is only 15.85%, indicating the model exploits gender as a shortcut. Using ViTE to zero out tokens on layer 12 that interpret to non-hair-related words (including gender-related terms) improves female gray hair accuracy to 74.01% (male: 81.66%), demonstrating the spurious correlation was carried in those specific tokens.

Evidence
correlational
Key metric
baseline: male gray hair 58.22%, female gray hair 15.85%; ViTE intervention: male gray hair 81.66%, female gray hair 74.01%; ViTE intervention (rs): male gray hair 83.91%, female gray hair 74.80%
Caveat
The linear probe is trained for one epoch with Adam (lr=1e-3); the finding is about CLIP's representation as read by a linear classifier, not about the full end-to-end model.
Model
CLIP / CLIP-ViT (LC)
Concepts
Shortcut
Datasets
CelebA [eval]
Methods
Linear Probing / Ridge regression linear probing / Linear probe / Linear probe fine-tuning / Linear regression probing / Linear ridge regression probes / Supervised probing / ERM linear probe [primary], Random Smoothing [supporting]
Related findings
IC-684, IC-686
Extraction
automatic-extraction