SourceConcept Bottleneck Generative Models
The authors probe Stable Diffusion XL with 1,000 generations using the prompt 'empty cup' and manually inspect the outputs. They identify a set of examples where the model generates cups containing water rather than empty cups, replicating a broader observation from Tong et al. (2023) about text-to-image models struggling with the 'empty' concept. This failure is used as a contrast to demonstrate that standard text-to-image models provide no mechanism to diagnose why the error occurs, whereas a concept bottleneck model can reveal the faulty concept in its probability histogram.